勤務校の2010年度紀要で、比較節の扱いについて書きました。その文章そのものは別途掲載しますが、それを書くために中学生向けの英文法教材を調べていて、比較節の構造について、かなり偏った扱いがされていることがわかりました。具体的には、次の条件を満たす比較節です。
1) 比較節のasやthanの後に人称代名詞の主格が用いられている
2) その人称代名詞が主格を付与されている
3)
その人称代名詞が主格を標示する明確な形を持っている
このような比較節において、than me や than I do のような使用頻度が高く自然な構造の代わりに、than
I
のような、形式張って不自然ですらある構造が圧倒的に優先されているということです。
詳しい議論は紀要本体に譲りますが、紙幅の都合上、紀要本体には掲載できなかった、個々の教材に掲載されている用例を列挙し、それをもって問題点を明らかにしておこうと思います。
なお、このような情報を掲載する意図は、けっして個々の教材の不備をあげつらうことではなく、学習文法全般における問題点を明らかにすることにあります。以下に挙げた個々の教材を見れば、それぞれに豊かな工夫がなされており、中学生の学習に資するものばかりです。したがって、比較節の扱いという１点をもって、これらの教材の質を判断することは、慎重に避けます。
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(1)『これでわかる英語中学２年』（文英堂）
He has about ten times as many books as I have.
(2)『くわしい英語 中２』（文英堂）
該当例なし。
(3)『くわしい英語ステップアップ問題集 中２』（文英堂）
She has five times as many books as I have.
He studied math harder than I.
Keiko is older than I.
His brother walked more slowly than he.
(4)『最高水準問題集 英語 中学２年』（文英堂）
He has the same car as I.
他のものは該当例なし。
(5)『最高水準特進問題集 英語 中学２年』（文英堂）
No other singer is as popular as she.
No one in my class can run as fast as he.
I can't speak English half as well as she.
He made fewer mistakes on the exam than I.
My father walked more slowly than I.
Rebecca can sing better than I.
He has more brothers than I do.
(6)『基礎からぐんぐん英語』（学研）
My brother is as busy as I.
I want to speak English as well as he.
You are younger than she.
My brother has more books than I.
Beth plays tennis better than I.
My father came home earlier than I.
Keiko is younger than us.
(7)『パーフェクトコース問題集 中学英語』（学研）
Andy uses chopsticks better than I.
She has more books than I do.
(8)『ニューコース問題集 中２英語』（学研）
Ken is not as old as I.
He works as hard as I.
He has more books than I.
He is more popular than I.
You walk faster than I.
He runs faster than me.
(9)『ニューコース 中２英語』（学研）
Tom is as old as I.
She is as old as she.
Taro is not as tall as I.
I can play the piano as well as she.
He is taller than I.
She is better than I.
I'm much older than he.
Taro is shorter than I.
You are more famous than he.
You are more beautiful than I.
He runs faster than I.
You watch TV longer than I.
My parents walked more slowly than I.
Taro can sing better than I.
(10)『定期テスト満点BON 中２英語』（学研）
Are you as old as I?
Lisa is older than I.
But she is much taller than I.
Tom is walking faster than I.
Ken can speak English better than I.
John comes to school later than I.
Masao comes to school later than I.
Lucy can cook better than I.
(11)『トレーニングノート 中学１・２年総復習 英語』（受験研究社）
該当例なし。
(12)『中２英語これだけは』（受験研究社）
He can sing better than I.
(13)『自由自在 中学英語』（受験研究社）
I am taller than he (is).
I like you better than he.
I like you better than him.
↑主格と目的格の違いを説明しているメタ的部分。
(14)『徹底演習テキスト 中２英語』（受験研究社）
My brother is as tall as I.
I cannot speak English as well as she.
Tom is stronger than I.
Masao has more books than I.
Taro speaks English better than I.
She is much taller than I.
Yuki can swim faster than I.
He speaks faster than I.
I speak more slowly than he.
(15)『完全攻略 中２英語』（文理）
She is older than he.
Andy uses chopsticks better than I.
She looks younger than he.
She can play tennis better than I.
(16)『実力練成テキスト 中学英語２』（文理）
How many years is he older than I?
My brother has more jeans than I.
I love Jane better than he does.
(17)『中学実力練成αスタンダード 英語２年』（文理）
Takeshi can speak English better than I.
(18)『English Workbook Superior Book2』（文理）
He has less money than I.
He has more brothers than I do.
(19)『NEW BUILDER 受験版 英語』（中央教育研究所）
I am as old as he.
She can't run as fast as he.
I cannot play the piano as well as she.
He is a little taller than I.
He is much taller than I.
Ichiro is taller than I.
He can run faster than she.
Tom is younger than I.
I have more books than he.
She speaks English better than I.
She can play the piano better than I.
Sally is a better cook than I.
(20)『発展新演習 英語 中２』（中央教育研究所）
My father is three times as old as I.
He has twice as many books as I.
Mr. Green is about twice as old as I.
Your sister is just as old as I.
You are as busy as I.
Mary doesn't have as many CDs as I.
My grandfather is five times as old as I.
Nobody in her class speaks English as well as she.
No other student in his class can speak English as well as he.
I have twice as many books as he has.
I spoke more slowly than he.
He is three years older than I.
She can play the piano better than I.
My brother is busier than I.
My brother came home a little later than I.
He answered the question more easily than I.
My brother drives much more carefully than I.
My sister has more CDs than I.
You can dance better than I.
He is as old as I (me).
He is as old as I am.
↑「be動詞が残ることもある」との説明あり
(21)『標準新演習 英語 中２』（中央教育研究所）
You aren't as young as she.
My father is as rich as he.
My father three times as old as I.
You are older than I.
He is much taller than I.
He walks faster than I.
He can swim much faster than I.
They are busier than I.
She can run a little faster than I.
This singer is more famous than he.
He has more books than I.
Jim came here earlier than I.
She can play tennis better than I.
You can speak English better than I.
I am as tall as she (is).
I am as tall as her.
↑「主格を用いるのが普通だが、口語では目的格を用いることもある。このテキストでは、原則として主格を用いることとしている。」との説明あり。
(22)『NEW BUILDER 受験版 発展編 英語』（中央教育研究所）
Taro speaks English as well as I.
No other boy in his class can run as fast as he.
Keiko reads as many books as I.
I cannot play the piano as well as she.
He is a little taller than I.
He is much taller than I.
My mother gets up earlier than I.
Tom is younger than him.
My brother is shorter than I.
Kenji speaks English better than I.
Keiko reads more books than I.
She can play the piano better than I.
(23)『中学学力診断ワーク 中学２年英語』（旺文社）
Nancy is as tall as I.
Tom is taller than I.
My mother walks more slowly than I.
(24)『中学総合的研究 英語』（旺文社）
Alison can dance better than I.
John is taller than he is.
Tom likes Mary better than she.
Tom likes Mary better than her.
You are younger than me.
My mother gets up earlier than I (do).
↑主格と目的格の違いを説明しているメタ的部分。
(25)『わかる中学英語』（正進社）
Bill is as old as I.
He isn't as old as I.
He is taller than I.
We stayed in Kyoto longer than they.
You are busier than I.
He is much older than she.
My father is much taller than I.
My mother can swim better than I.
(26)『レベル別・パターン別実力完成問題集 中学２年 英語』（正進社）
She is not as famous as he.
John is younger than I.
You can speak English better than I.
My brother goes to bed earlier than I.
You are busier than I.
He is much taller than she.
You have more books than I.
You can play the guitar better than I.
Then you have to get up an hour earlier than I.
He is seven years younger than I.
My brother can swim better than I.
Bill can swim faster than I.
He is more famous than she.
My father walked more slowly than I.
But she is much taller than I am.（東京）
(27)『くもんの中学基礎がため100％ 中２英語文法編』（くもん出版）
I can't sing as well as she.
He can run faster than I.
He has more books than I.
He studies math harder than I.
(28)『基礎からできる１・２年の総復習 英語』（創育）
I can speak English as fast as he.
She cooks as well as I.
My father can speak English twice as fast as I.
I am not as tall as he.
Susan is not as old as I.
Susan is as old as I.
Her sister cannot sing the song as well as she.
I am taller than he.
I can run faster than he.
My brother gets up earlier than I.
She cooks better than I.
He can ski much better than I.
Ken can swim faster than I.
My sister can speak English better than I.
Susan is older than I.
Susan is younger than I.
Masao can swim faster than I.
My sister carries the baby more carefully than I.
(29)『チャート式 中２英語』（数研出版）
I can run as fast as he.
Nancy plays tennis better than I.
I'm busier than he today.
(30)『PYXIS英語 Vol.2』（育伸社）
Mr. Black is twice as old as I.
No other musician in Japan is as famous as she.
You have twice as many pencils as I.
No other writer of them all is as popular as she.
My father is twice as heavy as I.
No other singer in the world is as famous as he.
He drank half as much juice as I.
She has twice as many books as I.
My mother cooks better than I.
She swims much more slowly than I.
You have more shoes than I.
You can take better pictures than I.
My sister drives much more carefully than I.
Mary jumped 20 centimeters higher than I.
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